Salmen, Walter. (1971). Der Sozialstatus des Berufmusikers vom 17. bis 19. Jahrhundert. Kassel.
Scholes, Percy (1934). The waits and the puritans. Musical Times. July, 1934.
Scholes, Percy (1938 on). Wait or Wayte. In: The Oxford Companion to Music. Oxford University Press.
1960 edition (prob others) contains his briefest thoughts on Puritans and music: “There is not the slightest warrant for the statement sometimes made that under the puritan regime of the Commonwealth and Protectorate the English Waits were suppressed. They were in full activity, just before and after this period. At Newcastle-upon-Tyne when the mayor entertained Cromwell the Town Waits played before the house”. I might add that in 1652 York was unable to pay their wages (In regard of the extreame poverty of this citty) and the waits were put out of office until 1666 - no question of puritan suppression, just lack of money.
Schwab, Heinrich W. (1983). The social status of the town musician. In: W Salmen, ed. The social status of the professional musician from the middle ages to the nineteenth century. Pendragon Press, New York. p. 56.
Translation of Salman’s 1971 book by Kaufmann & Reiser.
Schwab, Heinrich W. (1993). Der Stadtmusicus als Amtsträger. (The office of city musician.) Anzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums. 98-106. Illus. ISSN: 0934-5191. in German.
During the 14th to 18th c., town musicians in Germany had a variety of official responsibilities and performed a number of functions. Their social status, the distinguishing attributes of their office, their coats of arms, and their costume are
discussed. germany » musical life » town musicians » 14th-18th c.; performers-general » germany » town musicians » 14th-18th c.; costumes » germany » town musicians » 14th-18th c.; visual and plastic arts » germany » town musicians » coats of arms » 14th-18th c.
Semmens, Richard (1984). The Bassoons in Marin Mersenne's Harmonie universelle (1636). Journal of the American Musical Instrument Society, Vol. X. https://www.idrs.org/Publications/DR/DR10.2/DR10.2.Semm.html
Seitz, Cheryl Glenn (1997). Sounds and sweet airs: city waits of medieval and renaissance England. Essays in Medieval Studies 4, Proceedings of the Illinois Medieval Association. West Virginia University Press. ISSN 1043-2213.
Online version: http://www.luc.edu/publications/medieval/vol4/seitz.html
A rather good overview of waits history, unfortunately based on limited source material and, at the beginning, heavily dependent upon the usual set of inaccuracies and misapprehensions put about by Bridge & Langwill. (e.g. Liber Niger; Washington Irving - see discussion essays by Merryweather), so reader enjoy, be well informed, but beware.
Sharp, Thomas (1825). A dissertation on the pageants or dramatic mysteries anciently performed at Coventry. Reprint by EP Publishing, 1973.
Simpson, Justin (1885) The Stamford Waits and their predecessors: an historical sketch Published in The Reliquary Vol. XXVI
Smits van Waesberghe, J (1969). Een 15de-eeuws muziekboek van de stadsministrelen de Maastricht? Renaissance-muziek 1400-1600, Donum natalicum René Bernard Lenaerts. Leuven, pp. 247-273.
Southworth, John (1989). The English medieval minstrel. Woodbridge, Suffolk, Boydell Press. ISBN 0 85115 536 7.
Southey, Roz (2006). Music-making in North-East England during the eighteenth century. Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot. ISBN 0-7546-5097-9.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1968-90). Geschiedenis van de Gilde van de Antwerpe speelieden, bijgenaamd Sint-Job en Sint-Maria Magdalena. Inleiding en dl 1: XVde eeuw; dl 2: 1600-1650; dl 3:1650-1700; dl 4: 1700-1750; dl 5: 1740-1794. In: Belgisch Tijdschrift voor Muziekwetenschap. 1: 22 (1968), pp. 5-50; 2: 28-30 (1974-1976), pp. 24-111; 3: 36-37 (1982-1984), pp. 88-127; 4: 41-42 (1987-1988), pp. 79-95, pp. 149-192; 5: 44 (1990), pp. 79-122.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1970-74). De Antwerpse stadspeelieden (1) XVde en de XVIde eeuw. In: Noordgouw. X (1970), pp. 1-53; (2) 1600-1650, ibidem, XVIII (1978), pp. 107-185; (3) 1650-1700 In: Provincilae Commissie voor Geschiedenis en Volkskunde. Provincie Antwerpen. Jaarboek 1991-1992, Antwerpen, 1994, pp. 5-71.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1975). Bijdrage tot de studie van de Antwerpss speelieden in de XVIde eeuw. In: Antwerpen in de XVIde eeuw. Antwerpen, 1975, pp. 521-531.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1978). Gommaer van Oisterwyck. Van Antwerps stadspeelman tot Engels hofmuzikant. In: Noordgouw, XVIII, pp. 213-223.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1982). Statuair aspect van de Antwerpse Gilde der speelieden. In: Muziek te Leuven in de 16de eeuw (ed. G. Huybens), Leuven, pp. 48-50.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1985). De Antwerpse stadspeelieden (1415-1794). In: Bijdragen tot de Gesciedenis (de Brabantse stad), 68, afl. 1-4, pp. 113-126.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1986). seger Pylken. De rentjes van een Antwerps stadspeelman in de 16de eeuw. In: Bijdragen tot de Gesciedenis (de Brabantse stad), 69, pp. 209-230.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1998). Stadsspeellieden in de Nederlanden 1415-1794. Musica Antiqua. Actuele informatie over oude musiek. 15/4 170-179.
Spiessens, Godelieve (1998). De Antwerpse stadsspeellieden. Musica Antiqua. Actuele informatie over oude musiek. 15/4 153-159.
Spruyt, JE (1960). De speelman in de Nederlanden van de 13e-15e eeuw. In: Mens en Melodie. 15, pp. 332-336.
Spruyt, JE (1969). Van vedelaars, trommers en pijpers. Utrecht. pp. 95-107.
Stephen, George A (1933). The waits of the city of Norwich through four centuries to 1790. Proceedings of the Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society. vol. xxv.
Stilz, Bernhard (1995). "Stadtpfeiffern" und "Hoboisten": Holzbläser als Berufsmusiker in der frühen Neuzeit. ["Stadtpfeiffer" and
"Hoboisten": Wind players as professional muscians in early modern times.] Rohrblatt X(1): 2-7.
The organization of the town musicians' guild for the 15th through the 17th c. is described (rights, duties, privileges, training), with emphasis on the wind instruments (instruments used and duties of players in connection with private occasions, town council meetings, guard duty, and church activities). The military role of woodwind peformers (the so-called Burgundian pipers, «Schallmeyer», and oboists) is considered as the origin of later oboe bands and «Harmonie» ensembles.
Stockmann, Doris & Erler, Annette (eds.), Town Waits and Country Fiddlers in Denmark, Historische Volksmusikforschung. Studiengruppe zur Erforschung historischer Volksmusikquellen im ICTM. vol. 10. Göttingen 1994, pp. 285-294.
Stokes, James (1998). The Waits of Lincolnshire. Early Theatre. 1: 75-111.
Strohm, Reinhard (1990). Music in late medieval Bruges. Oxford, Clarendon. ISBN 0 19 316418 3.
Szomjas-Schiffert, György (1978). Stredoevropská písen ponocného. [A night watchman's song in Central Europe.] Hudební veda, Czechoslovakia Vol. XV:3 247-57. Music examples. In Czech.
An extract from a monograph entitled Hajnal vagyon szép piros...Énekes v&iarvirrasztók es orakiáltók that was published in Budapest in 1972 (see RILM 1976-06743).
Theunissens, L (1906). La musique à Anvers au XIVe, XVe et XVIe siècle. Copie du ms de M. le Chevalier de Burbure. In: Annales de l’Academie royale de Belgique. 58, pp. 243-244.
Tringham, Nigel K (1989). The Whitsuntide commemoration of St William of York: a note. REED Newsletter 14(2): 10-12.
van Aerde, R (1911). Ménestrels communaux & instrumentistes divers établis ou de passage à Malines, de 1311 à1790. Mechelen. Verscheen ook in Bulletin du Cercle archéologique, littéraire et artistique de Malines. 21 (1911). pp. 133-239, met alfabetische naamlijst op pp. I-XI.
van de Casteele, D (1868). Préludes historiques sur la ghilde des ménéstrels de Bruges. Annales de la Societé d’éemulation pour l’étude de l’histoire et des Antiquités de Flandre. 3de reeks, 3/20, pp. 53-144.
van Heyghen, Peter & Selhost, Karolien (1998). Stadspijpers te Leuven. Een reconstructie door Wim Becu en Katharina Arfken. Musica Antiqua. Actuele informatie over oude musiek. 15/4 150-149.
van Waesberghe, Josef Smits (1969). Een 15e eeuws musiekboek van de stadsminstrelen van Maastricht? In: Renaissance-Muziek 1400-1600. Josef Robijns ed. Leuven. 247-273 (facsimiles).
Vander Straeten, E (1878). Les ménestrels aux Pays-Bas avant le XIXe siècle. Brussel, (reprint: Genève, 1972).
Vente, MA (1982). Het stadspeelmanschap in de Nederlanden. In: Muziek te Leuven in de 16de eeuw (ed. G. Huybens), Leuven, pp. 44-47.
Verner, Jensen (1992). Dulcianen og fagotten i Danmark i 1600- og 1700-tallet. Arhus: MUSA-Print 182-209.
The dulcian appears from the second half of the 17th c. The accounts and inventories of grammar schools yield information about the instrument, as do the stock lists of the city waits. About 1700 bassoons were found in the orchestra of the Kongelige Teater, and were later heard in military music and among amateurs of the musical societies. Among the many bassoonists in the period 1770-1824 is Gottlob Schicht. Thirteen bassoons from the 18th c. with connections to Denmark are described, together with several Danish bassoon builders.
Verner, Jensen (1992). Dulcianen og fagotten i Danmark i 1600- og 1700-tallet. Arhus: MUSA-Print 182-209.
The dulcian appears from the second half of the 17th c. The accounts and inventories of grammar schools yield information about the instrument, as do the stock lists of the city waits. About 1700 bassoons were found in the orchestra of the Kongelige Teater, and were later heard in military music and among amateurs of the musical societies. Among the many bassoonists in the period 1770-1824 is Gottlob Schicht. Thirteen bassoons from the 18th c. with connections to Denmark are described, together with several Danish bassoon builders.
Vlam, CC (1963). Stadspijpers, staadspeelieden en stadstrompers. In: Algemene Muziekencyclopedie. 6, p. 406.
Vlam, CC (1963). Bouwstenen voor een geschiedenis der toonkunst in de Nederlanden. 1, pp. 212-245. (speelieden te Utrecht e.a.).
Vlam, CC & Vente, MA (1965-80). Bouwstenen voor een geschiedenis der toonkunst in de Nederlanden. 3 dln. Amsterdam.
Wainwright, Jonathan P (1997). Musical patronage in seventeenth-century England. Christopher, First Baron Hatton (1605-1670). Aldershot, Scholar.
Ward, Ned [Edward]. (1698). The London Spy. London: Folio Society, 1955.
Ward, Ned (1709). The Waits. In: The London Spy Compleat. London, J. How. In: The London Spy. (1993) Paul Hyland ed. East Lansing, Colleagues Press.
Warwick, Alan R (1968). A noise of music. London, Queen Anne Press in association with the Corportation of London. SBN 362 00033 6 (? ISBN 9 0362 00033 6)
Weinpahl, Robert W. (1979). Music at the Inns of Court. N.p.: University [?] Microfilms.
Weir, Christopher (1981). Village and town bands. Shire Album 61. Aylesbury, Shire Publications.
Welford, Richard (1896). The waits of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. A paper read at the annual meeting of the Northumbrian Small-Pipes Society. 16-36 plus illus.
Wilshere, John (1970) Leicester Waits Heart of Albion Press, 2 Cross Hill Close, Wymeswold Loughborough, LE12 6UJ, UK
Whitwell, David The History and Literature of the Wind Band and Wind Ensemble, 9 volumes. 'Winds', Box 513, Northridge, California 91328. V A Austin of Gainesville University, Florida, USA says: I have volume 2, "The Renaissance Wind Band and Wind Ensemble", and volume 3, "The Baroque Wind Band and Wind Ensemble". I ordered one on line from www.Amazon.com. Whitwell comes from the 'band' side of things. The books seem to be self-published and draw heavily upon the work of others. It is a nice feature to have numerous references to wind music together in a single source by chronological period.
Wiedling, Lieselotte (1971). Zwei alte badische Fastnachtsrufe und ihr musikalischer Umkreis. [Two early Shrove Tuesday calls from Baden and their musical context.] Jahrbuch für Volksliedforschung, Germany Vol. XVI: 81-90. Music examples. In German.
Briefly describes the function of 2 Shrove Tuesday calls that originated in Wolfach and Elzach. Examines the musical structure of both calls and the historical context of
their melodic forms. Demonstrates their origins in hourly calls of the night watchmen. On the basis of music examples from Josef Wichner's study Stundenrufe und Lieder der deutschen Nachtwächter [Hourly calls and songs of the German nightwatchmen], as well as many other examples from printed collections and tape recordings, it is shown in 3 comparative tables that all of the calls examined are related to a very early call formula. Several examples of narrative songs that use melodic material found in these examples lead us to conclude that such narrative songs could have been part of the night watchmen's repertory. (Author)
Weinandt, Elwyn A. (1983). Johann Pezel (1639-1694) A Thematic Catalogue of His Instrumental Works. Pendragon Press. ISBN 0918728231.
A German town bandsman and composer, one of a humble yet privileged class of musicians. The works Pezel is most remembered for are his 5 part cornet and trombone ensembles performing twice daily from the Rathaus tower in Leipzig. One of his publications is a collection of 76 pieces, mostly intradas and examples of various dance forms such as sarabande, courante, allemand, bal, and gigue.
According to The New Penguin Dictionary of Music, Johann Pezel (also known as Petzold) was variously a trumpeter and violinist, had employed musicians at Leipzig and Bautzen and was a composer and publisher of suites and other works for string ensembles.
Werner, Kaden (1994). Stadtpfeifen, lehrlingskapellen, orchesterschulen. Der Orchester: Zeitschrift für Orchester und Rundfunk-Chorwesen 11-17. [about modern stadtpfeiffer]
Whistler, Lawrence (1947). The English Festivals. London, Heinemann. p. 53.
White Eileen (1986). Waits and musicians in York, 1554-1661. Entries not included in REED-York. Typescript pers. comm. Author or James Merryweather.
White Eileen (1987). Hewet, the wait of York. REED Newsletter 12(2): 17-23.
White, Eileen (1989). Elizabethan York. York, Yorkshire Architectural Society and Yorkshire Archaeological Society. ISBN 0 9503519 7 0.
Wilshere, JEO (1970). Leicester town waits. Leicester, Leicester research services.
Winn, VA (1965). A Bibliography of Contemporary Source Works for the Social History of English Music 1543-1748. Thesis July 1965. Copy in the JB Morrell Library at the University of York (Quarto LM 0.94205 WIN).
Woodfill, Walter L (1969). Musicians in English society. New York, Da Capo Press.
Wulstan, David (1985) Tudor Music. Dent, London. 1985 ISBN 0.460.04412.5
Young, AA (1984). Plays and players: the latin terms for performance [part 1]. REED Newsletter 9(2): 56-62.
Young, AA (1985). Plays and players: the latin terms for performance [part 2]. REED Newsletter 10(1): 9-16.
Young, AA (1995). Minstrels and minstrelsy: household retainers or instrumentalists? REED Newsletter 20(1): 11-17.
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